Nordic-Baltic Statements and National Statements of Iceland during the 52nd session of the Human Rights Council 27 February – 4 April 2023
Nordic-Baltic Statements and National Statements of Iceland during the 52nd session of the Human Rights Council 27 February – 4 April 2023
Annual high-level panel discussion on human rights mainstreaming: A reflection on five years of UN Youth 2030: mapping a blueprint for next steps
Statement of the Republic of Lithuania, on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries
27 February 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries – Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Norway, Sweden, and my own country Lithuania.
Today we see active, determined and concerned young people. The international community has an obligation to provide a safe and prosperous future for the next generation. But the main global urgencies remain: including armed conflicts, climate change, disparities in education and employment both within and between countries, digital inequalities and social exclusion of vulnerable groups. In order to make progress on these issues, we fully support the UN Youth Strategy and we are determined to continue engaging and working for and with youth.
As a next step for tangible results we see the need for strengthened cooperation among the private sector, governments and civil society. Only by working together we can provide platforms for young people to express their concerns and participate in decision making processes.
Furthermore, we believe it is important to provide opportunities for active youth participation in labour market and ensure increased youth employment without any discrimination or age-related exploitation. It would allow young people to improve their skills and balance labour demand.
Our goal is to hear, learn and work together with youth. We are looking forward to engage in further implementation of the UN Youth Strategy.
Thank you.
Biennial high-level panel discussion on the question of the death penalty
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Finland
28 February 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
Crimes must be met with consequences. However, taking a life is never the answer. We call on all states to abolish the death penalty.g
We commend the countries and states that have recently abolished the death penalty or actively moved towards it. We call for immediate moratoria on executions, leading to abolition, as well as restricting the use of the death penalty to the minimum, only to the “most serious crimes” in accordance with international law.
We are alarmed by the lack of transparency on the death penalty in various countries and call upon States to provide public, disaggregated data on death sentences. Increased attention to the gender dimension of the death penalty is necessary.
The state has the obligation to respect, protect and fulfil human rights of all. Not meeting due process and fair trial guarantees or causing additional suffering in the execution of the death penalty can amount to torture or inhuman or degrading treatment, among other violations. In accordance with international human rights law, children must always be exempted from the death penalty.
Lastly, exercising human rights, such as freedoms of religion and belief, of expression, or belonging to the LGBTQI+ community, must never be punishable by death.
Thank you.
High level meeting on right to development
Finland on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries
28 February 2023
Mr. President.
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries – Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, and my own country Latvia.
Last year we celebrated the thirty-fifth anniversary of the United Nations Declaration on the Right to Development. It was agreed that the right to development, which is rooted in the universality, indivisibility, interrelation, and interdependence of all human rights, is a fundamental human right by virtue of which every person is entitled to participate in, contribute to, and enjoy economic, social, cultural and political development, in which all human rights and fundamental freedoms can be fully realized.
Thirty-six years ago, there was a strong belief that our future will be better, wealthier and happier.
Unfortunately, global trends are not encouraging – many different challenges, as the COVID 19 pandemic, devasting climate change and outright military aggressions, hinder the achievement of sustainable development goals and the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. These crises have already increased extreme poverty, which hits people and countries in vulnerable situations the hardest.
The Nordic-Baltic countries call on all governments to ensure participatory approaches that leave no one behind, and to refrain from actions that put human rights at risk.
Thank you.
High-level panel discussion on UPR Voluntary Funds
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Finland
1 March 2023
Mr. President, Excellencies, distinguished colleagues,
I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
No country is perfect, but we can help each other to do more on human rights. The Universal Periodic Review is a key tool in this regard. The recommendations, given in constructive spirit, guide States to build societies that are equal and just for all. We can take pride in the 100% participation rate thus far and aim at the same during the fourth UPR cycle.
The UPR Voluntary Funds play an essential role in ensuring that all States, including least developed countries and small island developing states can benefit from the UPR process in full. We particularly welcome the concrete actions on implementation and follow-up which have been possible with contributions through the UPR Voluntary Funds.
The UPR is a state driven process but it can greatly benefit from taking the civil society on board. Consulting their views during the process and including their representatives in national delegations can bring stronger, more inclusive results.
Esteemed Panellists, how can the UPR Voluntary Funds support the participation of the civil society in the UPR process?
Thank you.
Item 2: Interactive Dialogue on the High Commissioner’s oral update on the Sudan
Norway on behalf of the Nordic Baltic countries
3 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour of delivering this statement on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic Countries. We thank the High Commissioner for the update.
The situation for human rights in Sudan remains a cause for serious concern. In recent months, parts of the country have seen clashes between armed groups. Too many civilians remain exposed to violence, harassment and SGBV while those responsible are not held to account. We once again call on the signatories to implement the Juba Peace Agreement. Moreover, the right of peaceful protests must be respected, and we urge the military authorities to show restraint.
Human rights violations and abuse are linked to the fragile political situation. Therefore, we appreciate that a broad range of Sudanese stakeholders are engaged in negotiations to solve the country’s crisis. This work should be centred around the Framework Political Agreement, which remains the only credible basis to establish a new civilian-led government to lead Sudan through a transitional period to free and fair elections.
We are encouraged by your own and the High Commissioner’s visits to Sudan, and we call upon the Sudanese authorities to fully cooperate with UN mandates and mechanisms.
What steps can the Sudanese authorities take to protect and promote human rights during the current political crisis?
Thank you.
Item 2: Interactive dialogue on the report of the Group of Human Rights Experts on Nicaragua
Nordic – Baltic Statement delivered by Iceland
6 March 2023
Mr President,
I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
We thank the Group of Human Rights Experts for their report.
The Nordic-Baltic countries remain deeply concerned about the human rights situation in Nicaragua, including arbitrary detentions, restrictions on civic space and violations of the rights to freedom of expression, peaceful assembly and association. The consistent attacks against human rights defenders, Indigenous Peoples, journalists and other media workers, political opposition, religious institutions, and civil society leaders must stop.
The release of the 222 political prisoners by the Government of Nicaragua marks a constructive move, however we condemn the decision to revoke their citizenship and to strip nationality from a further 94 citizens.
We urge the Nicaraguan Government to respect all civil and political rights, and to free all political prisoners. Impunity for human rights violations must end. We call on Nicaragua to lift all restrictions on civic space and guarantee all persons their rights to freedom of expression, assembly and association. We call on Nicaragua to resume full cooperation with international and regional human rights mechanisms, including the OHCHR.
In conclusion, what concrete steps can be taken to urge Nicaragua to end impunity and guarantee accountability for all human rights violations?
Thank you.
Item 2: Interactive Dialogue on the Report of the High Commissioner on the Human Rights situation in Myanmar
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Norway
6 March 2023
Mr. High Commissioner,
The Nordic Baltic countries remain deeply disturbed by the human rights violations and abuses which continue to cause human suffering and regression in all areas of human rights in Myanmar.
We condemn the military’s indiscriminate use of force, including air attacks, and other violent actions causing civilian casualties, including women and children in Myanmar.
We express our continued support to the ASEAN five-point consensus. We recall UN Security Council Resolution 2669 (2022) and demand an immediate end to all forms of violence throughout the country. We call for the release of all arbitrarily detained prisoners, the provision of full and unhindered humanitarian access and the protection of civilians in Myanmar.
The Nordic Baltic countries strongly support the OHCHR recommendation to sanction arms transfers enabling further violations. We urge Myanmar to give the UN Human Rights Office access to monitor the situation independently and impartially. We call on all member states to support efforts to bring perpetrators to justice.
High Commissioner,
What measures can be taken to reduce violence against civilians and human rights violations and abuses in Myanmar, as well as to ensure accountability for past and ongoing crimes?
Thank you.
Item 2: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Afghanistan
Nordic – Baltic Statement delivered by Iceland
6 March 2023
Mr President,
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic countries, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, and my own country Iceland.
We commend the Special Rapporteur for his ardent efforts in documenting human rights abuses and engaging the de facto authorities.
We remain deeply concerned about the dire situation in Afghanistan, in particular the situation of women and girls and that of minorities.
We strongly condemn the draconian restrictions on women and girls, excluding them from education, politics, and public life. This discriminatory denial of women and girls’ human rights may amount to gender persecution which is considered a crime against humanity.
The recent decision to ban women from working for national and international NGOs underscores the Taliban’s utter disregard for half the population of Afghanistan.
We stand with the women and girls of Afghanistan, who continue to show immense resilience. Without them, Afghanistan will never achieve peace, prosperity and stability.
What scope does the Special Rapporteur see for ensuring women and girls’ full, equal and meaningful participation in all spheres of life and their right to have control over their own future?
Thank you.
Item 2: Enhanced interactive dialogue on the report of the Commission of Human Rights on advancing the human rights in South Sudan
Nordic-Baltic statement delivered by Norway
6 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the pleasure of delivering this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic Countries - Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Sweden, and Norway. We thank the Commission for its work in South Sudan.
Political violence and insecurity continue to be fundamental obstacles to improving the human rights situation. We regret that the extension of the Peace Agreement has not been accompanied by a renewed sense of urgency in its implementation.
As a result, human rights violations and abuses, such as arbitrary and extrajudicial killings, abductions, conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence, and attacks on humanitarian workers continue with impunity. We urge the parties to make immediate progress on security arrangements, transitional justice and rule of law.
We are also deeply concerned by large-scale diversion of public revenues, which undermines South Sudan’s ability to fulfill its human rights obligations. We urge the government to strengthen its financial management systems and use more of its own resources to address the needs of its people.
Finally, a strong UN human rights monitoring mechanism is still needed. We urge the government to continue its history of cooperation with the Commission.
Thank you.
Item 2: Annual report of HC for Human Rights and report of OHCHR and SG
General Debate on High Commissioner’s Oral Update
Statement by Iceland
7 March 2023
Mr. President.
Iceland thanks the High Commissioner for his oral update.
Iceland continues to monitor the UN Joint Programme on human rights in the Philippines. Genuine intentions of all stakeholders are crucial for the programme to bring about positive change. Iceland calls on the Government to implement the Programme to the letter and address accountability failings.
In Ethiopia, Iceland commends the Government and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front for steps taken in implementing the Permanent Cessation of Hostilities Agreement. Transitional justice and accountability through independent, transparent and impartial investigations must be ensured.
In Egypt, human rights defenders, journalists, and activists continue to face reprisals and unlawful restrictions. Iceland urges the Government to respect, protect and fulfill the rights to freedoms of expression and opinion, and peaceful assembly and association.
In Yemen, Iceland calls on all parties to uphold international humanitarian law and human rights law and to secure a political solution. The people of Yemen deserve peace.
In closing, Iceland refers to Nordic-Baltic statements on the situation in Afghanistan, Nicaragua, Sudan and South-Sudan in respective Interactive Dialogues.
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Latvia
8 March 2023
Mr. President.
I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
We thank the Special Rapporteur for presenting her latest report on the importance of reparation for child victims and survivors of sale and sexual exploitation.
The Nordic-Baltic countries believe that reparation should be tailored to the specific case and proportional to the gravity of violations and the harm suffered by the child victims and survivors.
However, there are numerous barriers preventing child victims and survivors from being able to access justice and claim reparations. We are especially concerned about legislative gaps regarding, in particular, child, early and forced marriage and child labour. We align with the Special Rapporteur’s recommendations in this regard.
Another challenge can be the lack of education about and awareness of potential venues for reparation. Capacity-building and comprehensive education of law enforcement officials, medical professionals, social workers and teachers is vital to ensuring that child victims and survivors are aware of their rights and are able to claim reparation.
Madam Special Rapporteur, what are the best practices in providing for the participation of child victims and survivors in developing reparation programmes and procedures, while ensuring that their dignity and rights are respected and they do not face the risk of revictimization?
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Adequate Housing
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Finland
8 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. We thank the Special Rapporteur on his important report.
The climate crisis is also a housing crisis. Extreme weather events, desertification and rising sea levels severely affect housing around the world.
Impacts of climate change disproportionately affect persons in vulnerable situations and their homes. Persons with disabilities and older persons have less capacity to move away from exposed areas. Indigenous Peoples often live on lands heavily exposed to climate impacts.
Therefore, we must ensure that persons in vulnerable situations are involved in climate responses at all levels. This includes participation in decision-making, implementation and monitoring of climate actions and policies.
It is our joint duty to tackle the effects of climate change on the realization of the right to adequate housing. Comprehensive recommendations of the Special Rapporteur give us a way forward.
Special Rapporteur, how can we best support the work of human rights defenders promoting the right to adequate housing and addressing the negative impact of climate change?
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive Dialogue on the report of Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food
Nordic-Baltic statement delivered by Norway
8 March 2023
Mr. President,
The Nordic-Baltic countries thank the Special Rapporteur for an enlightening report on conflict and right to food.
Conflict remains the primary driver for food insecurity and thus represents the main hindrance for fulfillment of the right to food.
Keeping in mind that today is 8 March, we express our appreciation for Mr. Fakhri’s focus on discrimination and equality in the food systems.
Women and girls are food producers, traders, consumers, care-takers, decision-makers and negotiators. Protecting women and girls from violence, including sexual and gender-based violence, is crucial to eliminating hunger. In many households, food insecurity and poverty prevail when women are hurt.
We need targeted measures to strengthen women, including rural and Indigenous women and girls and other vulnerable groups’ position in the food systems.
Special Rapporteur, the Russian war of aggression in Ukraine has led to disruption of global food markets and aggravated hunger and famines in other regions.
In your view, what are the most serious consequences facing women in particular? And what would be the most pertinent measures?
Special Rapporteur, your role and voice is more important than ever.
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment
Nordic-Baltic statement delivered by Lithuania
9 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries – Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Norway, Sweden, and my own country Lithuania.
We thank the Special Rapporteur for his report highlighting the disproportionate harms on women and girls by environmental risks.
It is particularly worrisome that gender stereotypes, biases, inequalities and multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination negatively affect women and girls’ enjoyment of the right to clean, healthy and sustainable environment. To address these challenges, a human rights-based approach, where States, businesses and civil society work together, must be in place.
Furthermore, women and girls should participate fully, equally and meaningfully in all processes when it comes to protecting the environment. Their participation and empowerment is crucial for a sustainable future.
The Nordic-Baltic countries are committed to accelerating gender-transformative and inclusive environmental action where everyone has a say.
Mr. Boyd, how can the Human Rights Council contribute to eliminating systemic discrimination of women and girls and empowering them to be a part of the climate and environmental transformation?
Thank you.
Panel Discussion on strengthening of legislative system in order to protect children in digital environment
Statement by Estonia on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries
10 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries – Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden and my own country Estonia.
Children are considered to be the largest proportion of users of digital technologies in the world. Even though the online network provides them the opportunity to express, fulfil and be informed about their rights, higher engagement and self-presentation by children on various digital platforms also poses risks to children’s rights – from violating their privacy to online sexual exploitation and abuse in worst cases.
We are concerned that such violations that disproportionately affect children, are on the rise. Therefore, we believe that it is extremely important to continue taking concrete steps to guarantee children's privacy and confidentiality to better protect children from any harm in the digital space, which in the long run contributes to ensuring a healthy and safe childhood for them.
In order to achieve this, it is crucial to evaluate, update and put in place wide-ranging measures and best practices, with children’s rights at the core and the best interests of every child as a primary consideration. In the legislative review, it is necessary to include relevant stakeholders, such as experts from civil society, private sector and academia, and guarantee to children the right to be heard and have their views taken into account. Implementing key elements from the Committee on the Rights of the Child general comment No. 25 is also crucial.
Further attention should be given to private sector by better regulating their activities and ensuring compliance with their responsibility to prevent networks or online services from being used in ways that cause or contribute to violations or abuses of children’s rights.
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Iceland
13 March 2023
Mr President,
I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
We thank the special rapporteur for her inclusive approach, demonstrating how freedom of religion or belief can be traced back to many different sources.
Yet, these different sources converge in highlighting the need for mutual understanding and respect. We wish to clearly signal today, that we disassociate with all actions by individuals, which only aim to hurt and provoke. We find them disturbing and disrespectful.
Fortunately, as displayed in the report, elaborate human rights norms exist on freedom of religion or belief and freedom of expression. While they cannot prevent all incidents, they provide a clear human rights approach to tackle challenges in our interconnected world. We recall our full commitment to these standards and to our collective efforts to promote and protect them.
Madame Special Rapporteur, you give a thorough overview of ongoing work on freedom of religion or belief, also in the regional organisations. How do you plan to work with them to ensure a coherent approach?
Looking ahead, how will you address the intersectionality between freedom of religion or belief and gender equality throughout your mandate?
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Iceland
13 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic countries.
Let me start by thanking the Special Rapporteur for his valuable work and recent report on reimagining services to give effect to the right of persons with disabilities to live independently and be included in the community.
We fully agree that active consultation with persons with disabilities and their representative organisations is required to understand what persons with disabilities need and want. We need human rights-based, inclusive and gender transformative solutions that can work in different countries and in different circumstances.
We thank the Special Rapporteur for highlighting the potential of businesses and new technologies, including artificial intelligence, in transforming services for persons with disabilities. As stated in the report, the business sector is increasingly regarded as an important human rights actor.
Mr. Special Rapporteur, how can we better engage with businesses as partners for change in the transformation of services and support for persons with disabilities?
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism
Nordic – Baltic Statement delivered by Finland
13 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. We thank the Special Rapporteur for the report.
Ensuring the full respect for human rights and the rule of law is crucial in efforts to counter-terrorism. Any measure taken to counter terrorism must comply with international law, including international human rights law, international refugee law and international humanitarian law, and should not unduly restrict civic space. We firmly believe that a human-rights based approach is a prerequisite for combatting terrorism effectively.
We acknowledge the capacity of new technologies to enhance the full realization of human rights.
However, we share the Special Rapporteur’s concern that the misuse of these technologies may have serious negative impacts on the enjoyment of human rights. It is vital to address and mitigate the human rights risks associated with these technologies.
Madam Special Rapporteur, what measures should we take to better assess the human rights implications of new technologies in the context of counter-terrorism?
Thank you.
Annual interactive debate on the rights of persons with disabilities
Theme: Support systems to ensure community inclusion of persons with disabilities, including as a means of building forward better after the COVID-19 pandemic
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Lithuania
13 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries – Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Norway, Sweden, and my own country Lithuania.
We thank the panellists for their contributions and the OHCHR for the report that gives a solid basis for our discussion.
International human rights law leaves no doubt on the right of all persons with disabilities to live in the community, with choices equal to others. Care and support systems are main enablers of this right, as well as of the autonomy, independence and dignity of the persons with disabilities.
Persons in vulnerable situations that rely on care work and support networks, including persons with disabilities, were disproportionally affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The pandemic has exposed deep-rooted problems of the support and care systems that urgently need to be addressed in our efforts to build forward better.
As States play a fundamental role in organizing the distribution of the care work and ensuring community inclusion, we encourage their resolute action on transforming traditional care systems in a gender-responsive and disability-inclusive way.
Furthermore, meaningful participation of persons with disabilities, as well as all other stakeholders, in the discussions related to the respect, protection and fulfilment of their rights must be ensured.
Distinguished panellists, how could the international community better contribute to enhancing disability-inclusive approaches to care and support systems?
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
Intervention by Denmark on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic countries
14 March 2023
Madam Special Rapporteur,
I have the honour of speaking on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
From the outset, we would like to congratulate you on your appointment as new Special Rapporteur on Torture. We are committed allies in your important work to eradicate torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment globally.
We appreciate your efforts to shed light on the good practices in national criminalization, investigation, prosecution and sentencing for offences of torture.
The need to invest in training and education runs like a thread through the entire report and we could not agree more with you, as this is intrinsically linked to the duty to investigate enshrined in Article 12 of the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.
Over the past year, many fundamental tools have either been developed or updated, such as the Méndez Principles on Effective Interviewing for Investigations and Information Gathering or the updated Istanbul Protocol on Effective Investigation and Documentation. These tools – together with the many others already existing – merit to be widely known and used so as to give full effect to the principle of the absolute prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
Madam Special Rapporteur,
What measures can the Human Rights Council along with other relevant UN bodies take to ensure that these tools are known and used through training and education?
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the right to privacy
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Latvia
14 March 2023
Mr. President.
I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic States.
We thank the Special Rapporteur for presenting her latest report to this Council.
It is the obligation of all States to ensure that the need to collect and analyse data in response to the Covid-19 pandemic or any potential future health crises is not used as a pretext for mass surveillance and the violation of an individual’s right to privacy.
We concur with the Special Rapporteur that States must build and consolidate public confidence in the programmes of public entities that involve the processing of personal data. To achieve this, we need to promote the responsible and transparent collection and use of personal data and show compliance with the legal obligations established in personal data processing regulations.
The right to privacy and its abuses have become important themes in the relationship between tech companies and their users. According to your mandate, you should promote and protect the right to privacy by, inter alia, articulating private sector responsibilities to respect human rights.
Madam Special Rapporteur, can you share some of the best practices in establishing a risk monitoring and management system to ensure that data are processed fairly and lawfully?
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Norway
15 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour of speaking on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic states.
We welcome the report of the Special Rapporteur which again demonstrates the resourcefulness and tenacity of human rights defenders despite ongoing threats, harassment, and violence, both online and offline.
The report recounts the achievements of human rights defenders, including women human rights defenders,
- to end discriminatory laws,
- to strengthen the rule of law by ensuring accountability and access to remedy,
- and to ensure that more people enjoy and benefit from the rights and protections afforded them.
We call on all States to acknowledge and protect of human rights defenders and to support the renewal of the mandate. The mandate has again demonstrated its relevance and value.
Madame Special Rapporteur,
On the 75th anniversary of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, and the 25th anniversary of the UN Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, this report demonstrates the value of human rights to peace, security and sustainable development.
How can this Council best support human rights defenders in their efforts to bring about positive change?
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive dialogue with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General
on Violence against Children
Statement by Iceland on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries
15 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
We thank the Special Representative for the latest report and her actions taken on elimination and prevention of all forms of violence against children.
The Nordic-Baltic countries also thank the Special Representative for focusing on the protection of children in the digital environment. We are alarmed by the high number of children cyberbullied and subjected to online sexual exploitation and abuse.
We are equally highly concerned over the lack of comprehensive data on violence against children and believe the remaining gaps must be filled. An evidence-based approach in tackling violence against children is vital and can only be achieved when child- and gender-sensitive data is available.
To ensure that children are protected, respected and empowered online, safety standards and regulations must be mandated.
As the report confirms, many organisations are working on a wide range of actions on violence against children online. How can this work be better synchronized to meet the best interest of the child?
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Representative of the Secretary General on children and armed conflicts
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Lithuania
16 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. We would like to thank the Special Representative for the report.
Armed conflicts deprive children of their rights, leaving permanent physical and psychological harm. From the right to education to the right to security and life itself – children’s rights continue to be violated in conflict zones and their future jeopardized.
We are extremely concerned about the increasing use of indiscriminate airstrikes, landmines and attacks on schools. This trend places children directly at risk. According to the SRSG reports, the use of explosive weapons in densely populated areas leads to a steady increase in the number of killings and injuries over the years. In the context of Russia’s brutal war of aggression against Ukraine we witness deliberate attacks on civilian infrastructure, killing and injuring thousands of children; also there are reports on forcible transfer of Ukrainian children to Russia and their illegal adoption there.
Grave violations of children’s rights in conflict zones are one of the most pressing political and humanitarian concerns. In June 2023, Norway will host an international conference in order to mobilize action to better protect children in conflict zones.
Madam Special Representative,
How should we ensure accountability for crimes against children during armed conflicts, including their forced deportations?
Thank you.
Item 3: Interactive dialogue on the report of the High Commissioner on ensuring equitable, affordable, timely and universal access for all countries to vaccines in response to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Norway
16 March 2023
Mr. President,
I make this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Sweden and Norway.
We thank the OHCHR for the report on access for all countries to vaccines in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The development of medical countermeasures to COVID-19 set new records including for time taken between vaccine development to roll-out in low income countries. The ACT-A* partnership aided this effort, and its vaccine pillar, COVAX, distributed billions of vaccine doses.
The report points out many of the challenges faced in ensuring equitable, affordable, timely and universal access to vaccines. This includes the lack of diversified production across regions, the lack of capacity in some countries to store and distribute vaccines, vaccine hesitancy, the lack of reliable systematic and timely data, misinformation, and weak health systems. Learning from these experiences will be key. National policies should be human rights-based, including for immunization. Building resilient and robust health systems must be high on our agenda.
High Commissioner, Could you elaborate on how you assist countries in ensuring that immunization priorities are in line with a human rights-based approach?
* [Access to COVID-19 Tools-Accelerator]
Item 4: Interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights situation in Myanmar
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Denmark
20 March 2023
Mr. President,
I deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic States.
We thank the Special Rapporteur for his update on the deeply concerning situation in Myanmar. We strongly support his mandate.
We continue to condemn the military coup in the strongest possible terms and reiterate our call on the military to immediately end all forms of violence and abuses, including sexual and gender-based violence, against the people of Myanmar, including children.
We call on the military junta to end the systematic intimidation and reprisals against the people of Myanmar for exercising their human rights and fundamental freedoms. Furthermore, we call for the immediate and unconditional release of all those arbitrarily detained – including children, political leaders, journalists, human rights defenders, and others.
We are deeply concerned over the deteriorating humanitarian situation, and we call for unimpeded humanitarian access to all parts of the country without discrimination.
Special Rapporteur, we are witnessing a prolonged crisis in which the military carries out actions against its own people which there are reasonable grounds to believe amount to serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law. Some of these may – as you point out - amount to international crimes.
Ensuring that the perpetrators of these crimes are held accountable remains a critical task.
Special Rapporteur, how can the international community at this time best support the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all persons in Myanmar?
Thank you.
Item 4: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Islamic Republic of Iran
Statement by Estonia on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries
20 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
We would like to thank the Special Rapporteur for his report.
For months, the brave people of Iran, especially women and girls, have faced extreme and unjustified violence and crackdown by the Iranian authorities for exercising their right to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly.
We strongly condemn the use of violence, harassment and detentions against peaceful protesters. Perpetrators of torture, killings and violence, including sexual and gender-based violence, must be held accountable. We urge Iran to release all persons who were imprisoned or detained for exercising their right to peacefully protest. We strongly oppose the death penalty at all times and in all circumstances and call on the Iranian authorities to impose an immediate moratorium on executions.
We are also concerned about press freedom and safety of journalists in Iran. Journalists and media workers are threatened, harassed and detained. Families of Iranians working for foreign media outlets are intimidated and persecuted. We call on Iran to release all arbitrarily detained, including journalist, media workers and their family members and to ensure freedom of opinion and expression and access to information, both online and offline.
Finally, we urge Iran to fully cooperate with the Special Rapporteur, including by granting full and unhindered access to the country.
Mr. Special Rapporteur,
What more can the international community do to support the people of Iran fighting for their human rights?
Thank you.
Item 4: Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Nordic-Baltic statement delivered by Norway
20 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honor of delivering this statement on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic countries.
We thank the Special Rapporteur for her latest report. We are deeply concerned about the serious systematic and widespread human rights violations in the DPRK, some of which, as pointed out by the Secretary-General, may amount to crimes against humanity. The complete absence of an independent and impartial judiciary provides no national recourse for human rights violations in the country.
We are particularly worried about the situation for women and girls, the prevalence of SGBV, the use of forced labor and the prevention of persons leaving or entering the country.
The disproportionate share of the DPRK’s state budget allocated to military spending cripples the ability of the DPRK to meet its own population’s basic needs.
We urge the DPRK to cooperate fully with the UN and the OHCHR and take meaningful and measurable steps to improve the human rights situation in the country, including opening its borders for humanitarian assistance.
Efforts to support dialogue must be continued to achieve lasting peace and stability on the peninsula.
In the Special Rapporteur’s view, how can we best engage with DPRK to improve the human rights situation in the country?
Thank you.
Item 4: Interactive Dialogue with the Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Lithuania
20 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries – Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Norway, Sweden, and my own country Lithuania.
The brutality of the Russian armed forces is shocking. For more than one year indiscriminate killings of Ukrainian civilians, deliberate attacks on schools, hospitals and critical infrastructure have been daily occurrences in Ukraine. Russian soldiers continue to demonstrate unimaginable cruelty by perpetrating summary executions, torture and conflict-related sexual violence.
Furthermore, the Russian authorities at all levels engage in forced transfers and deportations of children from Ukrainian territory to Russia and Russian occupied territory, and their illegal adoption there. We condemn these practices in the strongest possible terms and call for immediate return of all Ukrainian children to their homes.
The findings of the Commission of Inquiry are objective and impartial as opposed to Russia’s deliberate disinformation and propaganda. Its findings give us even stronger impetus to take decisive action as it concludes that numerous of violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law, as well as war crimes, were committed.
There can be no impunity for violations of international law. The investigations must continue until full accountability is ensured. We strongly support the Commission’s crucial role in that regard.
Mr. Møse, how could we make sure that the international community remains well informed about the violations happening in Ukraine? And how could we further strengthen your mandate in order to support the overall accountability effort?
Thank you.
Item 4: Interactive Dialogue with the Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Norway
21 March 2023
Mr. President,
I speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
We express our firm support for the work of the Commission of Inquiry. We note with serious concern the Commission’s conclusion that there have been “pervasive violations of human rights and humanitarian law across the country.
We reiterate the need to cease all indiscriminate and direct attacks on civilians and civilian objects as well as to end torture and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment,
President, after 12 years of armed conflict, the Syrian people, were recently hit by the most devastating earthquake in the area for decades. An already dire humanitarian situation has now become even worse.
It is therefore important that all parties to the conflict provide full, unhindered, and sustained humanitarian access. We expect to see a renewal of the cross-border mechanism when it expires on 10 July.
The Syrian people have suffered enough. There must be a comprehensive ceasefire, and there must be a political process in line with UNSCR 2254.
Mr Commissioner: The many missing people and people under arbitrary detention in Syria is a major concern for the Syrian people. What more can we do – as you see it – to clarify the fate and whereabouts of missing people?
Thank you.
Item 4: Interactive dialogue with the International Commission of Human Rights Experts on Ethiopia
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Norway
21 March 2023
Mr. President,
The Nordic and Baltic countries thank the International Commission of Human Rights Experts for the briefing and for your valuable contribution. We are glad to see progress on the implementation of the Permanent Cessation of Hostilities Agreement of 2 November 2022 and the Agreement from the Senior Commanders Meeting 12 November.
Accountability and transitional justice must remain at the core of the peace process. We welcome the announcement by the Ethiopian Minister of Justice that the OHCHR will deploy human rights monitors to the conflict-affected areas in northern Ethiopia. Furthermore, we welcome the commitment by Ethiopia to implement a comprehensive national transitional justice policy.
Independent and credible documentation, investigation and prosecution of reported violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law are crucial for the victims and their communities and fundamental to ensure lasting reconciliation, peace and stability.
We welcome further progress on the implementation which could signal to the Ethiopian people and the international community that the Ethiopian Government is fully committed to reconciliation, peace and stability.
In the Commission’s view, how can we best engage with the Government of Ethiopia and all stakeholders to achieve this?
Thank you.
Item 4: Interactive dialogue – High Commissioner for Human Rights report on human rights situation in Belarus
Nordic-Baltic Statement by Lithuania
22 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
As reported by the High Commissioner for Human Rights, the human rights situation in Belarus continuously deteriorates.
Politically motivated persecutions, reprisals, arbitrary arrests and detentions, and torture remain endemic, while the justice system is abused to silence dissent and systematically oppress pro-democratic forces.
By allowing Russia to use its territory for aggression against Ukraine, the leadership of Belarus is responsible for the act of aggression.
Currently there are about 1500 political prisoners in Belarus; the Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Ales Bialiatski among them. They are forced to wear identifying tags, subjected to violence and torture, and not provided with timely medical aid or legal counsel. Meanwhile, lawyers defending political prisoners are deprived of their licences.
We strongly condemn the politically motivated prison sentences of human rights defenders, political opponents and representatives of the Belarusian democratic opposition in exile. We stand in solidarity with political prisoners in Belarus and call for their immediate, unconditional release.
International community must ensure accountability of the Belarusian authorities for the violations of international law and international human rights law in order to end impunity and prevent further crimes.
Mr. High Commissioner,
What more could the international community do to protect political prisoners, journalists, media workers and human rights defenders persecuted by the Belarusian authorities?
Thank you.
Item 4 General Debate: Human rights situations that require the Council’s attention
Statement by Iceland
22 March 2023
Mr. President.
Iceland condemns Russia’s unprovoked and unjustified war against Ukraine which is a flagrant violation of the UN Charter. The human suffering and loss of life stemming from Russia’s invasion is horrifying. Forced transfers and deportations of children, and targeting of civilians and critical infrastructure is a blatant violation of international humanitarian law and may constitute war crimes or crimes against humanity.
We also condemn Belarus’ involvement in Russia’s aggression against Ukraine and deplore the widespread and gross human rights violations perpetrated in Belarus. We urge for an end to systematic repression and politically motivated sentencing, including of political opponents and representatives of the Belarusian democratic opposition in exile.
In Saudi Arabia, we are alarmed by the handing down of sentences for peaceful expression of opinion and a surge in executions for offenses that no not meet the threshold of the most serious crimes.
In China, we remain alarmed by the human rights situation in Xinjiang. We urge China to meaningfully cooperate with OHCHR and to abide by its obligations under international human rights law.
In closing, Iceland refers to Nordic-Baltic statements on Myanmar, Iran, DPRK, Ukraine, Syria, Ethiopia and Belarus.
Thank you.
Debate in commemoration of the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
Nordic-Baltic statement delivered by Iceland
29 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries: Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, and my own country Iceland.
This year we commemorate the 75th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; however, concrete and coordinated action is still necessary to promote and protect human rights and to combat all forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia, and related intolerance.
Sadly, racism and racial discrimination continue to exist in all spheres of society, often causing conflict and suffering. Whether overt or covert, it remains a potent weapon to incite fear and polarization within society. But, as history has shown us far too many times: Any system of oppression, is ultimately one in which we all lose.
Efforts to solve these challenges must be founded on respect for human rights, the inherent dignity and equality of every person. An inclusive civic space, with diverse and meaningful participation, representation, and leadership, is imperative for transformative change. This requires indicating and eliminating structural inequalities and implementing well-targeted policy measures.
Women and girls, as well as persons in vulnerable situations, often face multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and marginalization. Their perspectives must be heard and translated into action.
Eliminating racism requires decisive, coordinated, and sustained efforts to achieve real change and progress towards a world where human rights are ensured for all, without discrimination of any kind, and where no one is left behind.
Thank you.
Item 9: General Debate
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Iceland
30 March 2023
Mr. President,
I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
We remain fully committed to combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. All individuals must be treated with dignity and enjoy equal rights as also stated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
We commend and are committed to protect those who work at the forefront in combatting racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, including persons and communities of African descent. It is key to increase full, equal and meaningful participation of persons from diverse backgrounds, especially those who have traditionally been marginalized, in all spheres of society. An inclusive civic space is imperative for positive change.
In recent years, the fight against racism and racial discrimination has gained increased momentum globally. It has revitalized engagement at all levels of society.
We acknowledge the need for strong Government leadership on this matter. But we also underscore that inclusion of a wide range of stakeholders, including from civil society, is essential to achieve sustainable progress. We must all work together towards ending the scourge of racism and racial discrimination, by upholding dignity and rights for everyone, everywhere.
In conclusion, rest assured that we will continue our persistent efforts to combat racism in our own countries as well as promoting the cause internationally.
Thank you.
Item 10: Enhanced Interactive Dialogue on the oral updates of the High Commissioner on the Democratic Republic of Congo and the team of international experts on Kasai
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Iceland
30 March 2023
Mr President,
I deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic countries.
The recurrent and intensified armed violence in eastern DRC and related human rights violations and abuses, including attacks against civilians, are of serious concern. The deteriorating security situation, caused primarily by the armed group M23, as well as other armed groups such as the ADF, severely impacts the rights of the Congolese population and jeopardises the coming elections. We note that the state of siege in the provinces of North Kivu and Ituri introduced in 2021, remains.
Accountability and the rule of law must be ensured. We note that the trial regarding the murders of UN experts Zaida Catalán and Michael Sharp is now in appeal and in the final instance. It is of utmost importance that the appeals process takes all evidence into consideration. The ongoing investigation on these heinous crimes, conducted in close cooperation with the UN-mandated follow-up mechanism, remains crucial and enjoys our full support.
High Commissioner, we would appreciate if you could elaborate on the consequences that the violence may have on existing ethnic tensions?
Thank you.
Item 10: Interactive Dialogue on the human rights situation in the Central African Republic
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Norway
31 March 2023
Mr. President.
I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
We remain deeply concerned about the security, humanitarian, and human rights situation in the Central African Republic. The scope and character of the human rights violations and abuses continue to alarm and grieve us.
The perpetrators are not only the armed groups. The Central African armed forces and its Russian allies are responsible for the majority of the human rights violations. We call on the CAR government to investigate all incidents and hold perpetrators accountable in order to build peace.
We are particularly worried about the grave violations and abuses committed against children. Increased effort must be made to protect them. Their childhood, education and future are at stake, and thus, the future of the Central African Republic.
We have previously urged the CAR government to take specific measures to give effect to the Child Protection Code provisions to prevent and punish the recruitment and use of children in conflict, early marriages, and trafficking in persons. We would appreciate if you could elaborate on the progress on the government’s implementation of the Child Protection Code.
Thank you.
Item 10: Interactive Dialogue on the High Commissioner’s oral report on Ukraine
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Estonia
31 March 2023
Mr President,
I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries – Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden and my own country Estonia.
We thank the High Commissioner for the update and the continuous OHCHR’s work on the ground.
Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine has resulted in widespread terror and intolerable suffering with far-reaching consequences. We have witnessed images and reports of both indiscriminate and targeted attacks against civilians and civilian and critical energy infrastructure, as well as sexual and gender-based violence.
Ukrainian children are paying a particularly high price for this brutal and unjustified war. More than 400 children have been killed, hundreds more injured and over 7 million Ukrainian children are left without peaceful and happy childhood, having lost family members, homes, schools or playgrounds. Moreover, numerous children have been systematically put through filtration camps and forcibly transferred within Ukraine and deported to Russia, many of them separated from parents and illegally adopted. As the Commission of Inquiry clearly stated – these forced transfers and deportations amount to war crimes.
We once again reiterate that we will stand with Ukraine for as long as it takes and do everything we can to hold Russia fully accountable for war crimes and other grave violations of international law. The ICC’s decision to issue arrests warrants against Vladimir Putin and Russia’s Commissioner for Children's Rights Maria Lvova-Belova is an important step towards accountability.
High Commissioner, how can we best support the fight against impunity?
Thank you.
Item10: Interactive dialogue with the Fact-Finding Mission on Libya
Nordic-Baltic Statement delivered by Finland
3 April 2023
Mr. President,
I speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries.
We commend the Fact-Finding Mission on Libya for its important report. In light of the deteriorating human rights situation in Libya, we urge continued engagement by the HRC on Libya’s efforts to end impunity, which, we believe, will also benefit national reconciliation. We also urge Libya to implement the recommendations of the FFM.
We are seriously concerned by reports of torture, sexual and gender-based violence, enslavement including sexual slavery, enforced disappearances, arbitrary detention and other human rights violations and abuses against Libyans, migrants, refugees and asylum seekers. Some of which may amount to crimes against humanity. Accountability for violations and abuses committed is key. We call upon Libya to hold accountable all those responsible. We encourage full scrutiny of detention centres, leading to reforms, and dismantling secret prisons.
Finally, we are deeply concerned by the continued crackdown on civil society. We call on Libya to respect civil society and human rights defenders so they can participate in building the country, without fear of violence. A vibrant thriving civil society is a cornerstone of a thriving nation, where human rights are respected, protected and fulfilled.
Thank you.